Non-lactose fermenter, oxidase(+). Features a blue-green pyocyanin pigment and a sweet, grape-like odor. Highly resistant pathogen causing infections in burn patients and individuals with cystic fibrosis. Module 5: Clinical Virology & Mycology 1. Key Viral Pathogens

Mediated by B lymphocytes that differentiate into plasma cells to secrete immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD).

The human body uses layered defenses to recognize, contain, and eliminate invading pathogens. 1. Innate Immunity

Modern medicine faces significant therapeutic challenges due to highly resistant organisms: